# Off-chain accounts

An off-chain account is the default account for users of Brine which is a platform powered by Starkware. These accounts' balances are stored and managed off-chain (except when moving the funds to/from an on-chain account). From the L1 perspective, the funds of these accounts are stored under the Starkware smart contract.

In this section, we describe the flows that update these accounts. Specifically, a deposit of funds to an L2 account, a transfer of funds to another L2 account, trading tokens from an L2 account, and a withdrawal of funds back to L1.

Moving forward we have described flows that Brine initiates and might affect these accounts on L2, namely minting off-chain assets for spot trading systems, and liquidation, deleverages and price changes in the perpetual trading systems.

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